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AI goes nuclear, but what are the risks?

As technology companies invest in small modular reactors (SMRs) to meet energy demands for AI data centers in the future, how safe are they?

Karthik Vinod

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Unsplash data center
Credit: Joshua Sortino / Unsplash

As AI fever runs high, BBC reported a US-based start-up, Digital Realty that plans to use small nuclear reactors to power their AI data center in Portland, Oregon. But why?

In an interview with BBC, Stephanie Hare, an AI commentator and technology researcher, said that powering data centers in general are very energy-intensive, leaving behind a massive carbon footprint in addition to the usage of water.

Gallons of water, for instance, functions as a coolant to counteract overheating in machines when it busy processes user requests.

Hare noted that computers there can use up to ‘half a liter’ of water to process requests from a single user at a time.  

However, operating an AI data center is going to consume even more power.

“A normal data center needs 32 megawatts of power flowing into the building. For an AI data center it’s 80 megawatts,” said Chris Sharp, Chief Technology Officer (CTO) of Digital Realty, to the BBC. But it’s not just Digital Realty though participating in this enterprise.

Small Modular Reactors can generate one-third the energy of a conventional nuclear power plant and are said to be cheap based on design.

In 2023, The Verge reported Microsoft potentially showing interests in using ‘small modular reactors’ (SMRs) to fuel their AI data centers. These reactors split uranium nuclei with slow-moving neutrons, very much like conventional nuclear power plants.

However, lending a nuclear reactor to commercial establishments comes with its challenges. For one, only skilled workers can be relied upon to operate properly and manage the nuclear reactor.

Whereas for another, is for the nuclear reactor with its safety mechanisms to manage waste. However, scientists at Stanford University and University of British Columbia had worked out some technical flaws in SMRs. They reached the opposite conclusion to what SMR advocates had to say. They said there’s going to be more radioactive leakage owing to the small design that can’t absorb and take away byproduct neutrons from the chain reaction.

However, these generate one-third the energy of a conventional nuclear power plant and are said to be cheaper to design and manufacture. But how soon can they be deployed?

In the US, their Nuclear Regulatory Commission has authorized one such SMR design, by NuScale although it will be demonstrated only in 2029.

Spencer Lamb, Chief Commercial Officer at British data center developed Kao Data, said in the same BBC report, “I’ve heard about SMRs, but it will take a long time to deploy a nuclear-configured data center in the UK, and AI is happening now.”

BBC interviewed Dr Doug Parr, who’s chief scientist of the non-profit environmental activist group, Greenpeace UK, who labeled the unfolding story about SMRs powering AI data centers as mere ‘hype’. He said tech companies will develop cold feet when they realize that SMRs would prove to be much costly when they’re finally demonstrated. “Unrealistic hype lies behind the cost estimates for SMRs,” said Dr Parr. “This hype will fall away as delays and difficulties emerge.”

However, Dr Michael Bluck a nuclear engineer at Imperial College London, UK was more optimistic – at least in a technical standpoint. He said, “There’s no reason why a small fast reactor can’t power a data center, except that you have to get it past the regulator.”

What about public trust though? The BBC doesn’t cover that. Won’t they have the final say in this case, since it involves nuclear energy? At least in history, nuclear energy has been a point of contention in the West, with public suspecting whether authorities were truly capable of ensuring safeguards against radioactive leakages and waste management. In Germany, policy failure to reassure the public actually led to the wide-spread phase out of nuclear reactors. Public trust is hard to achieve, but it takes the government and scientists to trust them back.

In the UK back in 1957, local farmers in Cumbria, England had suspected radioactive leakages from the Sellafield nuclear plant. However, authorities and scientists didn’t pay attention to the farmer’s concerns of a leak, until farmers strenuously lobbied to get the site checked for by scientists – later positively verifying the claims, leading to the shutdown of the plant.

The point isn’t that nuclear energy is somehow more unsafe compared to other forms of energy, say renewable energy. The numbers of countries operating nuclear reactors have actually expanded to 32 countries, including developing countries, with some 436 reactors operational of today.

Yes, catastrophe has occurred in the past – there’s the infamous Chernobyl and Fukushima events. The US alone had witnessed the Three Mile Island nuclear disaster in 1979. But we don’t want that to happen again.

The point is – paradoxically – we’ll never know how safe a technology is, unless we’ve already tested them.

But before that we need to keep the dialogue on as we discuss and discover hidden risks.

Earth

Vantara: Inside a Billionaire-Backed Bid to Build a Global Wildlife University

The launch comes at a time when conservation challenges are becoming increasingly complex.

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Anant Ambani at the foundation ceremony of Vantara University in Jamnagar, India, April 2026. Image credit: Vantara.

A new private university focused on wildlife conservation and veterinary sciences is being positioned as an ambitious attempt to reshape how the world trains the next generation of conservation professionals—backed by one of Asia’s most influential business families.

The institution, Vantara University, has been launched in western India by a wildlife initiative founded by Anant Ambani, part of the Reliance group. Framed as an integrated academic ecosystem, the project reflects a growing trend where private capital is stepping into areas traditionally led by public institutions and global nonprofits.

Vantara officially describes the university as the “world’s first integrated global university” dedicated to wildlife conservation and veterinary sciences. While the scale and integration may be distinctive, similar disciplines are already taught across universities worldwide, often through specialised schools, research centres, and veterinary colleges.

The claim, therefore, rests less on the existence of such education and more on the attempt to consolidate it within a single, purpose-built institutional framework.

A Shift Toward Education-Led Conservation

The launch comes at a time when conservation challenges are becoming increasingly complex. Climate change, habitat fragmentation, and the spread of zoonotic diseases are reshaping ecosystems and exposing the limits of traditional conservation models.

There is a growing recognition that protecting biodiversity will require not just field interventions, but a systemic expansion of expertise—from wildlife veterinarians and epidemiologists to policy specialists and conservation planners.

Vantara University aims to respond to this gap by bringing together disciplines such as wildlife medicine, genetics, behavioural sciences, epidemiology, and conservation policy under one academic structure.

Blending Science, Scale, and Philosophy

The university’s vision combines scientific training with a philosophical framing rooted in compassion and stewardship. Its design draws inspiration from historical centres of learning, while positioning itself as a modern, purpose-led institution.

“The future of conservation will depend on how we prepare minds and institutions to serve life with compassion, knowledge, and skill,” Anant Ambani said in a statement.

“Vantara University is shaped by a deeply personal journey of witnessing animals in distress and recognising the need for greater capability in their care… the university seeks to nurture a new generation committed to protecting every life.”

Global Ambitions, Local Foundations

Although based in India, the project is clearly aimed at a global audience.

The university plans to offer undergraduate, postgraduate, and specialised programmes, supported by research infrastructure and international collaborations. It also emphasises action-oriented learning, linking academic work with real-world conservation practices.

This approach reflects a broader shift in higher education, where institutions are increasingly expected to produce not just knowledge, but deployable expertise.

The Rise of Private Influence in Conservation

The initiative also highlights a larger structural shift: the growing role of private capital in shaping conservation agendas.

Historically, conservation has been driven by governments, multilateral agencies, and non-profit organisations. However, large-scale funding gaps and the urgency of environmental crises are opening the door for philanthropic and corporate actors to play a more prominent role.

This raises both opportunities and questions.

Private initiatives can accelerate innovation and investment, but they also bring concerns around governance, accountability, and long-term alignment with public interest.

Questions of Access and Impact

As with many specialised institutions, accessibility will be a critical test.

While the university has announced scholarships aimed at supporting students from diverse backgrounds, the broader question remains: can such models scale inclusively, particularly for communities most directly affected by environmental change?

The effectiveness of the initiative will also depend on its ability to influence policy, contribute to global research, and produce professionals equipped to address complex ecological challenges.

A Changing Conservation Landscape

The launch of Vantara University signals a deeper transition in how conservation is being imagined.

Increasingly, the field is moving beyond isolated interventions toward integrated systems that connect science, education, and practice. In this context, universities are not just centres of learning—they are becoming critical infrastructure in the fight to preserve biodiversity.

Whether this particular model succeeds will depend on execution, collaboration, and its ability to move beyond vision into measurable impact.

But its emergence underscores a central reality:

The future of conservation may depend as much on classrooms and laboratories as it does on forests and protected areas.

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Health

Lancet Commission Launched to Tackle Health and Justice Impacts of Rising Sea Levels

A new Lancet Commission will examine how rising sea levels impact health, equity, and global systems, with experts calling it an urgent crisis.

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Lancet Commission Launched to Tackle Health and Justice Impacts of Rising Sea Levels
Image credit: Andres Ayala s/Unsplash

A new global commission led by The Lancet has been launched to examine the growing health and justice impacts of sea-level rise, as climate change accelerates risks for millions living in coastal and low-lying regions.

The Lancet Commission on Sea-Level Rise, Health and Justice, announced on April 8, brings together 26 international experts to assess how rising seas are reshaping public health, livelihoods, and global equity.

A Growing Crisis Beyond Climate

Sea-level rise, driven by anthropogenic climate change, is already contributing to displacement, food and water insecurity, and changing patterns of infectious diseases. The Commission marks the first major effort to analyse these intersecting risks through a health-focused lens.

“This commission comes at exactly the right time… sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat. It is already disrupting lives, health and wellbeing, especially for the most vulnerable,” said Christiana Figueres, Co-Chair of the Commission and a former UN climate chief.

Experts warn that the impacts extend far beyond environmental damage, affecting the social and economic fabric of vulnerable communities.

“Rising seas don’t just threaten coastlines, they threaten lives, livelihoods, and basic fairness. This is not only a climate problem. It is a health crisis, a justice crisis, and an urgent call for collective action,” said Jemilah Mahmood, Commissioner, Lancet Commission, and Executive Director of the Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Malaysia.

An Urgent Global Health Challenge

The Commission is supported by the WHO Asia-Pacific Centre for Environment and Health and aims to generate evidence-based policy recommendations to strengthen adaptation, resilience, and equitable responses.

Dr Sandro Demaio, Director of WHO ACE, emphasised the immediacy of the crisis.

“Sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat — it is a public health emergency unfolding now. Through this WHO supported global Commission, we are clear: inaction is not neutral, it is a choice that puts lives and justice at risk.”

Human Impacts at the Core

The Commission also highlights the disproportionate burden on vulnerable populations, particularly in coastal and low-income regions.

“Rising sea levels are more than an environmental issue; they quietly contaminate water, displace communities, and increase health risks for those least able to cope. Every centimetre of sea level rise is not just a measure of water, but a measure of injustice,” said Kathryn Bowen, Co-Chair of the Commission.

A Defining Policy Moment

With projections suggesting that hundreds of millions of people could be displaced by the end of the century, the Commission aims to inform global policy and strengthen international cooperation.

“Sea-level rise is not just an environmental issue — it is a test of our commitment to people, equity, and future generations,” said Jiho Cha, Member of Parliament, Republic of Korea and Co-Chair of the Commission.

The Commission will contribute to global policy discussions, including international climate platforms, and aims to place human and planetary health at the centre of climate action.

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Society

Why Campuses Need a Happiness Officer Now

Rising student stress and depression highlight the need for a happiness officer on campus to promote wellbeing and prevent mental health crises.

Dr Rajesh K Pillania, Professor, MDI, Gurgaon

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Student Stress Is Rising. Campuses Need a Happiness Officer
Image credit: Adedire Abiodun/Pexels

As student stress and mental health challenges rise, educational institutions must move beyond symbolic gestures and invest in structured wellbeing systems—starting with a dedicated happiness officer on campus.

The rising need for happiness

20 March was celebrated as the International Day of Happiness.

The idea of creating an International Day of Happiness is a great one; it deserves to be taken seriously. However, there is a need to do much more than celebrate happiness for just one day a year. This becomes crucial when one considers the rising problem of stress, depression and suicides among young people around the world, including in India.

The challenges of stress, depression and suicides among students

The education system places significant pressure on students, yet they are rarely taught how they, their parents, teachers or the system itself can help them cope with this pressure—or how to view their efforts in the right perspective.

Because of a lack of awareness, education and capability, stress has become a major issue in students’ lives, often leading to depression and, in some cases, suicides. These challenges have far-reaching negative impacts across different aspects of life, as supported by multiple research studies.

A happiness officer on campus

Since happiness is an essential ingredient for a fulfilling life—and also acts as a preventive factor in dealing with stress—it is important to give it greater importance in educational institutions.

Institutions already place heavy demands on faculty and staff, who may not have the time to actively focus on student wellbeing. In this context, employing a dedicated happiness officer to address health and wellbeing on campus could be a significant step forward.

India’s Campuses Need a Happiness Officer to Tackle Student Stress
Image credit: RDNE Stock Project/Pexels

The happiness officer’s primary responsibility should be to raise awareness about happiness, as well as the dangers of stress and depression, among students, faculty, staff and others on campus. This awareness must be continuous rather than occasional.

The second responsibility should be to organise regular programmes in engaging ways, covering themes such as what happiness is, why it matters, and how it can be cultivated, alongside practical approaches to understanding, avoiding and managing stress.

who is a happiness officer
Illustration/ Credit: S James/EdPublica

The third responsibility should be to track individuals who may be experiencing stress or depression and ensure they receive timely support. Additional responsibilities can be developed depending on the needs and context of each institution.

Avoiding the trap of tokenism

However, awareness initiatives and programmes must be implemented with sincerity and intent. The happiness officer must work in both letter and spirit to create meaningful impact, rather than simply fulfilling formal requirements.

This role should not fall into the common institutional trap where ticking boxes becomes more important than creating real change on the ground.

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