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‘India needs substantial reforms to address structural concerns in education sector’

The current education system may certainly be a stepping stone for India, but not enough to achieve its huge goals, says Dr. G. Paradha Saradhi Varma

Dipin Damodharan

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Dr. G. Paradha Saradhi Varma

When it comes to education, the past 10 years have been a remarkable journey for India, says Dr. G. Paradha Saradhi Varma, Vice Chancellor, KL University. According to him, the Narendra Modi government has launched various initiatives like the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) and Startup India to foster innovation, entrepreneurship, and research in the education sector. But despite these measures, issues such as unequal access to school, high dropout rates, faculty shortages, and inequities in learning remain the same. More substantial reforms are required to address structural concerns and promote fair access to quality education for all, Dr. G. Paradha Saradhi Varma says in an interview with EdPublica. Here are the excerpts.

interview

How do you look at the quality of India’s higher education scenario? 

The evaluation of the quality of higher education in India involves considering a variety of criteria, including academic standards, faculty expertise, research output, facilities, industry partnerships, and graduate employability. When we talk about academic standards, they vary across institutions, and some of them are maintaining updated standards while others are still continuing with the same outdated curriculum and teaching methods. 

There is a need to focus on the employability of future graduates rather than employment. Due to skill mismatches, graduates often face challenges in finding the right employment. There is an urgent need to focus on career development and guidance, which can be achieved through exchange programmes, faculty expertise, and industry-academic partnerships. Therefore, I believe that we have come a long way, but there are still some gaps that need to be filled. 

What do you think of India’s new education policy?

As an educator, I think India’s new education policy is a massive and ambitious transformation aimed at revamping the country’s education system. It led to a more holistic and flexible approach to learning, an increased focus on the incorporation of technology in education, the promotion of multilingualism, and the importance of vocational education and skill development.

Overall, the new education policy has received attention for its broad vision and ability to address long-standing issues in the Indian educational system. However, successful implementation will be dependent on efficient execution at all levels, proper finance, capacity building, and stakeholder participation.

Does the current education system help India achieve the goal of becoming an education superpower? 

While India’s current education system has produced many great professionals and academics, it still confronts certain challenges that may hinder its progress towards becoming an education superpower. There are gaps in access to excellent education, obsolete curriculum and teaching techniques, insufficient infrastructure, and skill mismatches in the labour market.

To realise its objective of becoming an education superpower, India must address these difficulties by enacting reforms aimed at boosting access to education, improving curriculum quality and relevance, investing in infrastructure and technology, and encouraging innovation and research. To meet the needs of the constantly changing global economy, greater emphasis must be placed on skill development, critical thinking, and creativity. 

The current education system may certainly be a stepping stone for India, but not enough to achieve its huge goals. 

How do you assess the 10 years of Narendra Modi’s government from an edupreneur’s perspective? I mean, the impact of the government’s policies on the education sector?

From an edupreneur’s perspective, I think the past 10 years have been a remarkable journey, and the government has launched various initiatives like the Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) and Startup India to foster innovation, entrepreneurship, and research in the education sector. Initiatives like the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are directed to promote transparency and excellence in higher education institutions. 

The government also promoted certain digital learning programmes, such as Digital India and SWAYAM, which are the need of the hour for facilitating learning beyond traditional classrooms. Despite these measures, issues such as unequal access to school, high dropout rates, faculty shortages, and inequities in learning results remain. More substantial reforms are required to address structural concerns and promote fair access to quality education for all members of society. 

How is KL Deemed to be University different in terms of quality and education approaches? 

KL Deemed to be University focuses on providing practical and industry knowledge to its students rather than only classroom and theoretical learning. We aim to deliver deeper understanding in every field, including engineering, management, agriculture, architecture, fine arts, pharmacy, hotel management, commerce, the sciences, and the humanities. For better exposure, we have partnered with corporates to ensure students are equipped with up-to-date skills and facilitate a well-paying job upon completing the course. Along with maintaining industry standards, we understand the necessity of co-curricular activities, which ultimately leads to improving the quality of education. 

At our university, we equip students for the future with a dynamic learning environment. Our fully flexible choice-based credit system, 253+ labs and research centres, and 350+ patents by faculty and students promote a stimulating environment for intellectual exploration. Guided by our distinguished faculty of over 750 PhDs, students will gain the knowledge and skills to thrive in a competitive world. The university offers a vibrant campus life filled with opportunities to pursue their passions through a tech club, hobby club, and sports club. 

How do you look at the concept of education in the age of artificial intelligence?

The future is AI-powered, and the university equips students for it! As engineers, data scientists, and computer scientists, our skillsets are rapidly evolving with AI. KL recognised this trend years ago, integrating it into the curriculum years before it became mainstream. This proactive, future-focused approach, combined with our industry-relevant programmes, ensures that the graduates are not just career-ready, but are also equipped to thrive in the age of AI. 

As an educator, I believe colleges will place a greater emphasis on industry and skills-based curricula, preparing students to be adaptive and lifelong learners. This includes teaching students critical thinking, problem-solving, and agility skills. This shift towards industry-aligned skills and lifelong learning will empower graduates to steer towards the ever-changing job market and excel in a world that demands adaptability and innovation.

Dipin is the Co-founder and Editor-in-Chief of EdPublica. A journalist and editor with over 15 years of experience leading and co-founding both print and digital media outlets, he has written extensively on education, politics, and culture. His work has appeared in global publications such as The Huffington Post, The Himalayan Times, DailyO, Education Insider, and others.

Earth

Vantara: Inside a Billionaire-Backed Bid to Build a Global Wildlife University

The launch comes at a time when conservation challenges are becoming increasingly complex.

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Anant Ambani at the foundation ceremony of Vantara University in Jamnagar, India, April 2026. Image credit: Vantara.

A new private university focused on wildlife conservation and veterinary sciences is being positioned as an ambitious attempt to reshape how the world trains the next generation of conservation professionals—backed by one of Asia’s most influential business families.

The institution, Vantara University, has been launched in western India by a wildlife initiative founded by Anant Ambani, part of the Reliance group. Framed as an integrated academic ecosystem, the project reflects a growing trend where private capital is stepping into areas traditionally led by public institutions and global nonprofits.

Vantara officially describes the university as the “world’s first integrated global university” dedicated to wildlife conservation and veterinary sciences. While the scale and integration may be distinctive, similar disciplines are already taught across universities worldwide, often through specialised schools, research centres, and veterinary colleges.

The claim, therefore, rests less on the existence of such education and more on the attempt to consolidate it within a single, purpose-built institutional framework.

A Shift Toward Education-Led Conservation

The launch comes at a time when conservation challenges are becoming increasingly complex. Climate change, habitat fragmentation, and the spread of zoonotic diseases are reshaping ecosystems and exposing the limits of traditional conservation models.

There is a growing recognition that protecting biodiversity will require not just field interventions, but a systemic expansion of expertise—from wildlife veterinarians and epidemiologists to policy specialists and conservation planners.

Vantara University aims to respond to this gap by bringing together disciplines such as wildlife medicine, genetics, behavioural sciences, epidemiology, and conservation policy under one academic structure.

Blending Science, Scale, and Philosophy

The university’s vision combines scientific training with a philosophical framing rooted in compassion and stewardship. Its design draws inspiration from historical centres of learning, while positioning itself as a modern, purpose-led institution.

“The future of conservation will depend on how we prepare minds and institutions to serve life with compassion, knowledge, and skill,” Anant Ambani said in a statement.

“Vantara University is shaped by a deeply personal journey of witnessing animals in distress and recognising the need for greater capability in their care… the university seeks to nurture a new generation committed to protecting every life.”

Global Ambitions, Local Foundations

Although based in India, the project is clearly aimed at a global audience.

The university plans to offer undergraduate, postgraduate, and specialised programmes, supported by research infrastructure and international collaborations. It also emphasises action-oriented learning, linking academic work with real-world conservation practices.

This approach reflects a broader shift in higher education, where institutions are increasingly expected to produce not just knowledge, but deployable expertise.

The Rise of Private Influence in Conservation

The initiative also highlights a larger structural shift: the growing role of private capital in shaping conservation agendas.

Historically, conservation has been driven by governments, multilateral agencies, and non-profit organisations. However, large-scale funding gaps and the urgency of environmental crises are opening the door for philanthropic and corporate actors to play a more prominent role.

This raises both opportunities and questions.

Private initiatives can accelerate innovation and investment, but they also bring concerns around governance, accountability, and long-term alignment with public interest.

Questions of Access and Impact

As with many specialised institutions, accessibility will be a critical test.

While the university has announced scholarships aimed at supporting students from diverse backgrounds, the broader question remains: can such models scale inclusively, particularly for communities most directly affected by environmental change?

The effectiveness of the initiative will also depend on its ability to influence policy, contribute to global research, and produce professionals equipped to address complex ecological challenges.

A Changing Conservation Landscape

The launch of Vantara University signals a deeper transition in how conservation is being imagined.

Increasingly, the field is moving beyond isolated interventions toward integrated systems that connect science, education, and practice. In this context, universities are not just centres of learning—they are becoming critical infrastructure in the fight to preserve biodiversity.

Whether this particular model succeeds will depend on execution, collaboration, and its ability to move beyond vision into measurable impact.

But its emergence underscores a central reality:

The future of conservation may depend as much on classrooms and laboratories as it does on forests and protected areas.

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Health

Lancet Commission Launched to Tackle Health and Justice Impacts of Rising Sea Levels

A new Lancet Commission will examine how rising sea levels impact health, equity, and global systems, with experts calling it an urgent crisis.

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Lancet Commission Launched to Tackle Health and Justice Impacts of Rising Sea Levels
Image credit: Andres Ayala s/Unsplash

A new global commission led by The Lancet has been launched to examine the growing health and justice impacts of sea-level rise, as climate change accelerates risks for millions living in coastal and low-lying regions.

The Lancet Commission on Sea-Level Rise, Health and Justice, announced on April 8, brings together 26 international experts to assess how rising seas are reshaping public health, livelihoods, and global equity.

A Growing Crisis Beyond Climate

Sea-level rise, driven by anthropogenic climate change, is already contributing to displacement, food and water insecurity, and changing patterns of infectious diseases. The Commission marks the first major effort to analyse these intersecting risks through a health-focused lens.

“This commission comes at exactly the right time… sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat. It is already disrupting lives, health and wellbeing, especially for the most vulnerable,” said Christiana Figueres, Co-Chair of the Commission and a former UN climate chief.

Experts warn that the impacts extend far beyond environmental damage, affecting the social and economic fabric of vulnerable communities.

“Rising seas don’t just threaten coastlines, they threaten lives, livelihoods, and basic fairness. This is not only a climate problem. It is a health crisis, a justice crisis, and an urgent call for collective action,” said Jemilah Mahmood, Commissioner, Lancet Commission, and Executive Director of the Sunway Centre for Planetary Health, Malaysia.

An Urgent Global Health Challenge

The Commission is supported by the WHO Asia-Pacific Centre for Environment and Health and aims to generate evidence-based policy recommendations to strengthen adaptation, resilience, and equitable responses.

Dr Sandro Demaio, Director of WHO ACE, emphasised the immediacy of the crisis.

“Sea-level rise is no longer a distant threat — it is a public health emergency unfolding now. Through this WHO supported global Commission, we are clear: inaction is not neutral, it is a choice that puts lives and justice at risk.”

Human Impacts at the Core

The Commission also highlights the disproportionate burden on vulnerable populations, particularly in coastal and low-income regions.

“Rising sea levels are more than an environmental issue; they quietly contaminate water, displace communities, and increase health risks for those least able to cope. Every centimetre of sea level rise is not just a measure of water, but a measure of injustice,” said Kathryn Bowen, Co-Chair of the Commission.

A Defining Policy Moment

With projections suggesting that hundreds of millions of people could be displaced by the end of the century, the Commission aims to inform global policy and strengthen international cooperation.

“Sea-level rise is not just an environmental issue — it is a test of our commitment to people, equity, and future generations,” said Jiho Cha, Member of Parliament, Republic of Korea and Co-Chair of the Commission.

The Commission will contribute to global policy discussions, including international climate platforms, and aims to place human and planetary health at the centre of climate action.

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Society

Why Campuses Need a Happiness Officer Now

Rising student stress and depression highlight the need for a happiness officer on campus to promote wellbeing and prevent mental health crises.

Dr Rajesh K Pillania, Professor, MDI, Gurgaon

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Student Stress Is Rising. Campuses Need a Happiness Officer
Image credit: Adedire Abiodun/Pexels

As student stress and mental health challenges rise, educational institutions must move beyond symbolic gestures and invest in structured wellbeing systems—starting with a dedicated happiness officer on campus.

The rising need for happiness

20 March was celebrated as the International Day of Happiness.

The idea of creating an International Day of Happiness is a great one; it deserves to be taken seriously. However, there is a need to do much more than celebrate happiness for just one day a year. This becomes crucial when one considers the rising problem of stress, depression and suicides among young people around the world, including in India.

The challenges of stress, depression and suicides among students

The education system places significant pressure on students, yet they are rarely taught how they, their parents, teachers or the system itself can help them cope with this pressure—or how to view their efforts in the right perspective.

Because of a lack of awareness, education and capability, stress has become a major issue in students’ lives, often leading to depression and, in some cases, suicides. These challenges have far-reaching negative impacts across different aspects of life, as supported by multiple research studies.

A happiness officer on campus

Since happiness is an essential ingredient for a fulfilling life—and also acts as a preventive factor in dealing with stress—it is important to give it greater importance in educational institutions.

Institutions already place heavy demands on faculty and staff, who may not have the time to actively focus on student wellbeing. In this context, employing a dedicated happiness officer to address health and wellbeing on campus could be a significant step forward.

India’s Campuses Need a Happiness Officer to Tackle Student Stress
Image credit: RDNE Stock Project/Pexels

The happiness officer’s primary responsibility should be to raise awareness about happiness, as well as the dangers of stress and depression, among students, faculty, staff and others on campus. This awareness must be continuous rather than occasional.

The second responsibility should be to organise regular programmes in engaging ways, covering themes such as what happiness is, why it matters, and how it can be cultivated, alongside practical approaches to understanding, avoiding and managing stress.

who is a happiness officer
Illustration/ Credit: S James/EdPublica

The third responsibility should be to track individuals who may be experiencing stress or depression and ensure they receive timely support. Additional responsibilities can be developed depending on the needs and context of each institution.

Avoiding the trap of tokenism

However, awareness initiatives and programmes must be implemented with sincerity and intent. The happiness officer must work in both letter and spirit to create meaningful impact, rather than simply fulfilling formal requirements.

This role should not fall into the common institutional trap where ticking boxes becomes more important than creating real change on the ground.

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